Hakan Sa\u011flam, Zeynep Uluda\u011f, G\u00fcl\u015fah G\u00fcle\u00e7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
http:\/\/www.mimarlikdergisi.com\/index.cfm?sayfa=mimarlik&DergiSayi=379&RecID=2955<\/a>\n\nAnkara-K\u0131z\u0131lay \u00fczerine alternatif bir gelecek sunmak \u00fczere, Gazi \u00dcniversitesi, Mimarl\u0131k B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz d\u00f6nem ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen uluslararas\u0131 k\u0131\u015f okulunda \u201cKentsel Parazit\u201d temal\u0131 bir st\u00fcdyo d\u00fczenlendi. St\u00fcdyo, K\u0131z\u0131lay \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde yeni bir ba\u011flam\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcn kavramlar, tasar\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve y\u00f6ntemleri \u00fczerinden sorgulayarak, bug\u00fcn h\u0131zl\u0131 tempolu ticari bir alan olan K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131n gelece\u011fi \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00fcretiyor.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n TASARIM S\u00dcREC\u0130N\u0130N KURGULANMASI <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f mimarl\u0131kta s\u00f6ylemsel ve tasar\u0131msal s\u00fcrecin geli\u015fimi, kentin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve fiziksel geli\u015fimi ile do\u011frudan ili\u015fkilidir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00e7ok boyutlu ve disiplinleraras\u0131 bir kentsel analiz, yeni ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir kavramsal \u00e7er\u00e7evenin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Mimarl\u0131k e\u011fitimi kapsam\u0131nda bu \u00e7er\u00e7evenin ki\u015fisel bilgi ve deneyimlerle geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131ca yer tasar\u0131m st\u00fcdyolar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gazi \u00dcniversitesi Mimarl\u0131k B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren kesintisiz olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uluslararas\u0131 k\u0131\u015f okulu, farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerden akademisyen ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin ki\u015fisel bilgi ve deneyimlerini mimarl\u0131k ortam\u0131 ile payla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bir etkinlik\/ders olmu\u015ftur. (Resim 1<\/strong>) \u201cWS-RADS 2011 – Urban Housing\u201d konu ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen k\u0131\u015f okulu, Ankara\u2019n\u0131n Yeni\u015fehir b\u00f6lgesini \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 olarak ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Temas\u0131 \u201cVisions of the Future: Urban Housing 2\u201d olarak belirlenen k\u0131\u015f okulunun hedefi, Ankara-K\u0131z\u0131lay alan\u0131na konuta dayal\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeniden kazand\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Merkez\u00ee i\u015f alan\u0131 haline gelen K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019da konuttan ticarete do\u011fru ilerleyen i\u015flevsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, yo\u011fun bir yaya ve ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fine neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, g\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7 saatlerinde alan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda terk edilmesiyle kentin g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ve kentsel kalitenin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine kar\u015f\u0131 engel olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131\u015f okulunun hedefi, kentsel kalitenin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131n gelece\u011fine y\u00f6nelik \u00f6neriler geli\u015ftirmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Etkinlikte \u201curban parasite<\/em>\u201d (kentsel parazit) temas\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f olan tasar\u0131m st\u00fcdyosu, kentin g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam pratikleriyle d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen, ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131 bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn h\u0131z\u0131nda ve ge\u00e7ici olma durumunda arayan bir mek\u00e2n oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. \u00d6yle ki kenti niteleyen \u201c\u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u201d (contemporary<\/em>) kavram\u0131 da kentin s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fimine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kentsel mek\u00e2n\u0131n \u201cge\u00e7ici\u201d (temporary<\/em>) do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret etmektedir. (Resim 2)<\/strong> Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan st\u00fcdyo, \u00f6ncelikle \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla art\u0131k \u201c\u015fekil-zemin\u201d (Colin Rowe) ve \u201czihinsel haritalar\u0131\u201d (Kevin Lynch) kullanarak belgelenemeyecek ya da \u201ckom\u015fuluk\u201d (Jane Jacobs) gibi bir durum ile kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namayacak bir d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fumuz i\u00e7in alternatif yarat\u0131m, \u201cyeni bir mimarl\u0131k\u201d arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Bu nedenle st\u00fcdyo, yeni mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kentin d\u00fczenli geli\u015fimine de\u011fil, kentsel ba\u011flant\u0131 a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n kaotik yap\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015f, tasar\u0131m s\u00fcrecini kentin dokusundan ya\u015fam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne dek her \u015feyin s\u00fcrekli olarak de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi bir ortamda yeni bir ba\u011flam olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere kurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n TASARIM S\u00dcREC\u0130N\u0130N GEL\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Tasar\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6ncelikle mevcut kentsel ba\u011flam ele\u015ftirel bir bak\u0131\u015fla ele al\u0131narak yeniden kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f kent ve mimarl\u0131k da yeni bir mek\u00e2nsal anlay\u0131\u015f do\u011frultusunda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne farkl\u0131 mimarl\u0131k \u00e7evreleri taraf\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 kavramlarla olu\u015fturulan bu anlay\u0131\u015f, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ileti\u015fim a\u011f\u0131ndan ilham alarak kenti hareket halinde kurgulayan Archigram i\u00e7in \u201cge\u00e7icili\u011fi\u201d, modernizmin kentte ya\u015fam ve ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131na inanarak sirk\u00fclasyonun i\u00e7inde de bar\u0131n\u0131labilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcren Paul Virilio i\u00e7in \u201cak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d, mek\u00e2nsal ve konstr\u00fcksiyonel olarak makineleri referans alan Wes Jones i\u00e7in \u201cmekanikli\u011fi\u201d; kenti bir organizma olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcp, onu yeni teknolojiler ve end\u00fcstriyel malzemeler sayesinde esnek, eklemeli hacimler ve s\u00fcrekli y\u00fczeylerle \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen Coop Himmelblau i\u00e7in \u201corganikli\u011fi\u201d; mevcut kent merkezlerinin de\u011fi\u015fken ihtiya\u00e7 ve talepleri kar\u015f\u0131layamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunan Koolhaas i\u00e7in \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d; tipoloji gibi geleneksel bir referans sisteminin dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 oran\u0131 sorgulayan Eisenman i\u00e7in \u201ctopolojiyi\u201d; kentin zaman\u0131 ve dokusu ile analojik bir ili\u015fki geli\u015ftirmek isteyen Steven Holl i\u00e7in \u201cg\u00f6zeneklili\u011fi\u201d; zamanda ileri geri hareket edilebilecek bir sal\u0131n\u0131mla farkl\u0131 zamanlar\u0131n yan yana getirilip \u00e7ak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neren Zaha Hadid i\u00e7in \u201c\u00e7ok katmanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d; malzeme \u00fczerinden zihinsel ve duyusal alg\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nemseyen Peter Zumthor i\u00e7in \u201cuyumlulu\u011fu\u201d; programlanmam\u0131\u015f eylemlerden s\u00f6z eden Tschumi i\u00e7in de \u201colay\u0131\u201d ifade etmi\u015ftir. (2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu yeni mek\u00e2nsall\u0131klar, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f kenti yeniden kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra str\u00fckt\u00fcrel ve programatik yenilikler getirmi\u015f, ayr\u0131ca h\u0131z\u0131, hareketi ve eylemi i\u00e7eren mimari mek\u00e2n\u0131n perspektifler, planlar ve kesitler gibi geleneksel temsil ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ile ifade edilmesinin zorla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n St\u00fcdyonun yeni mek\u00e2nsal anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019daki \u00e7evresel ve programatik verilerin analizi sonucunda belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00f6nde \u201cdoku, kentsel parazit, ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k, duyu, d\u00fczen, kaos, ge\u00e7icilik, olay, kentsel orman (urban jungle<\/em>), ticari ter\u00f6rizm, ge\u00e7irgenlik, flan\u00e9ur<\/em>, gorilla \u015fehircili\u011fi (gorilla urbanism<\/em>), simbiyoz, evrim, b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck\u201d gibi kavramlar tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ziya G\u00f6kalp Caddesi ve Me\u015frutiyet Caddesi aras\u0131nda kalan alanda \u00f6zel, yar\u0131 kamusal ve kamusal mek\u00e2nlara sahip olan yo\u011fun, s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131k kent dokusunun fiziksel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesi hedeflenmi\u015ftir. (Resim 3)<\/strong> Bu alandaki karma\u015fan\u0131n ve h\u0131z\u0131n bir tasar\u0131m arac\u0131 haline gelmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla st\u00fcdyo, mevcut ko\u015fullar i\u00e7indeki yeni potansiyeli ke\u015ffetmeye odaklanan yeni mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcn kavramlarla gerek\u00e7elendirmi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece s\u00fcreci yaln\u0131zca malzemeler ve konstr\u00fcktif donan\u0131mlar gibi tasarlama bilincinin somut bile\u015fenleri ile de\u011fil kavramlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla da geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. (3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yo\u011funluk, s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, karma\u015fa, h\u0131z, hareket ve eylemsel \u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00fczerinden kavramsal tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftiren st\u00fcdyo, mevcut \u00e7evresel ve programatik belirsizli\u011fi g\u00f6rme, tan\u0131ma, kabullenme ve bu ba\u011flamda alternatif bir ya\u015fam \u00f6nerme hedefiyle tasar\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Resim 4, 5)<\/strong> \u201cNegatif yetenek\u201d (negative capability<\/em>) olarak tan\u0131mlanan bu tav\u0131r, ba\u015fta do\u011fal ve yap\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7evrenin bozulmas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f kentin bug\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi gelecekte de u\u011fra\u015fmas\u0131 gereken bir\u00e7ok sorunun fark\u0131nda olmak ve \u00fcstesinden gelmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r. (4) St\u00fcdyo, bu tavr\u0131 bug\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen kontrols\u00fcz ve d\u00fczensiz geli\u015fim kentsel kaliteyi bozarak s\u0131radanl\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in benimsemi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00f6nde h\u0131zl\u0131 tempolu ticari bir b\u00f6lge olmas\u0131 nedeniyle kentlilerle yo\u011fun ve s\u00fcrekli ili\u015fkiler kuramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenen K\u0131z\u0131lay, \u201ckentsel orman\u201d olarak nitelendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Di\u011fer taraftan K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131n \u201cduyu\u201dlara g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde hitap eden karma\u015f\u0131k dokusu, malzemeleri, boyutlar\u0131, geometrileri, katmanlar\u0131 ve ge\u00e7i\u015fleri gibi bir\u00e7ok mevcut fiziksel \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Resim 6, 7)<\/strong> Zumthor\u2019un da belirtti\u011fi gibi yeni bir mimari m\u00fcdahale belirli bir yer ya da konuma konsantre olup, onun tarihi ve bi\u00e7imi kadar duyusal niteliklerini de anlamay\u0131 gerektirmektedir. (5) St\u00fcdyonun dokusal analizlerinde etkin olan bu nitelikler, yerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilmeden belgelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kentlilerin bu yer ile yeni ili\u015fkiler kurabilmesi i\u00e7inse \u201cevrim\u201d ve \u201csimbiyoz\u201d gibi kavramlar \u00fczerinden \u00e7e\u015fitli tart\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, \u201cgorilla \u015fehircili\u011fi\u201d gibi \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir kavram geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. K\u0131z\u0131lay \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde kuramsal oldu\u011fu kadar bi\u00e7imsel a\u00e7\u0131dan da yeni bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sunan bu kavram, do\u011fa-bina-insan aras\u0131ndaki mevcut ili\u015fkilerin evrimsel bir nitelikte ele al\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. Bu yolla ortaya konulan yeni kentsel s\u00f6ylem, mevcut peyzaj ya da mek\u00e2nlara eklemlenip onlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, program gibi niteliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak varl\u0131k g\u00f6steren kentsel parazitlerin b\u00f6lgeye yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. (Resim 8)<\/strong> Bu parazit yap\u0131lar\u0131n sundu\u011fu yeni ge\u00e7i\u015fler ile birlikte kentlilerin K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019a dair deneyimlerini zenginle\u015ftirmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. (Resim 9, 10)<\/strong> B\u00f6lgedeki t\u00fcm eylemler i\u00e7in ak\u0131\u015fkan bir bi\u00e7im, kentlileri i\u00e7ine al\u0131p y\u00f6nlendiren yeni bir mek\u00e2nsal s\u00fcreklilik yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ge\u00e7irgenlik, Jane Jacobs taraf\u0131ndan da \u201cideal matriks\u201d olarak savunulmu\u015f olan yaya hareketinin \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. (6) Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn kitlesel ileti\u015fim ortam\u0131 da h\u0131zl\u0131 ve esnek tasar\u0131m stratejilerini, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00f6yle bir ak\u0131\u015fkan ve ge\u00e7irgen mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ancak st\u00fcdyonun \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc ile \u201ckent i\u00e7inde kent\u201d(city within a city<\/em>) (7)haline gelen alandaki hareketi y\u00f6nlendiren ge\u00e7i\u015fler, objelerin enerjiye, noktalar\u0131n g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir d\u00fcnyada art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca sirk\u00fclasyon i\u015flevini \u00fcstlenmemektedir. (8) (Resim 11)<\/strong> \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f kentler, hareket \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kadar olay \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile de karakterize olmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle st\u00fcdyonun \u00f6nerdi\u011fi, mevcut dokuyu bozmadan onunla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fen, geli\u015fen ve de\u011fi\u015fen bu yeni kentsel peyzaj, belirli eylemlerle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni \u201colay\u201dlara a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Mevcut kullan\u0131m dokusuna y\u00f6nelik olarak baz\u0131 yeni programlar tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f, ancak sabitlenmemi\u015ftir. (9) B\u00f6ylece \u00e7evresel ve programatik veriler, \u201colay\u201d (10) gibi bir kavram \u00fczerinden birlikte ve yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Olaylar, bir binan\u0131n i\u00e7inde toplanabilece\u011fi gibi ge\u00e7i\u015fler, sokaklar, aral\u0131klar, e\u015fiklerde de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kentteki konumu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, kentlilerin ilgisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da odak noktas\u0131 haline getirmek ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in mevcut binalar ve yeni yap\u0131lanmalar aras\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilen \u201csimbiyotik\u201d ili\u015fkilerin bar\u0131nma, ticaret, ula\u015f\u0131m gibi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli kullan\u0131mlara sahip \u201cdokuya\u201d yeni, yo\u011fun ve s\u00fcrekli bir ya\u015fam kazand\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6nerilen yeni kentsel doku i\u00e7inde do\u011fa da yeniden ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fckenmi\u015f kent merkezlerinin ye\u015fillendirilmesi, gelece\u011fin kent merkezinin en g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr karakteristi\u011fi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. (11) Bu nedenle ye\u015fil doku, kent zemininin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00fcst kotlarda da yer almaktad\u0131r. Alternatif bir gelecek g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile geli\u015ftirilen bu yeni kentsel doku, kentin yo\u011fun ve karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131s\u0131 ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmektedir. \u00c7ak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan yeni ve eski dokunun olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bu b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck, bilinen herhangi bir mimari stile ya da bi\u00e7imselli\u011fe uymamaktad\u0131r. (Resim 12, 13)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n SONU\u00c7 YER\u0130NE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f kentin sorunlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak geli\u015ftirilen her s\u00f6ylem ve tasar\u0131m, kenti \u00e7ok boyutlu bir kavramsal \u00e7er\u00e7evede sorgulamay\u0131 gerektirir. Bu sorgulama, do\u011fal ve in\u015fa edilmi\u015f \u00e7evrenin yeniden ke\u015ffedilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra gelenek ve yenilik tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirmektedir. Bu nedenle yeni bir mimari ve kentsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ncelikli olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken, bu tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck konusunun fiziksel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011flama nas\u0131l yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 anlamaya y\u00f6nelik her ara\u015ft\u0131rma, yerel, y\u00f6resel, pitoresk ve arkaik bir bak\u0131\u015f yerine ba\u011flamsal, evrensel, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve g\u00fcncel bir bak\u0131\u015f arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirse gelece\u011fin mimarisi ile ilgili yeni bir potansiyel ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n St\u00fcdyonun tasar\u0131m s\u00fcrecini kurgular ve geli\u015ftirirken ortaya koydu\u011fu kavramsal \u00e7er\u00e7eve, bug\u00fcn\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rarak bu potansiyeli ortaya \u00e7\u0131karma \u00fczerine kuruludur. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma boyunca de\u011fi\u015fken fiziksel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dinamikler do\u011frultusunda kenti ve kentteki ili\u015fkiler sistemini i\u00e7ine alan bir ba\u015fka ba\u011flam\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece yerin ko\u015fullar\u0131 da yeniden ke\u015ffedilmi\u015f, \u00e7a\u011fa ve gelece\u011fe uygun bir mimarl\u0131k geli\u015ftirme hedefi ile K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019a \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir kavramsal ve bi\u00e7imsel nitelik kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n NOTLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 1.<\/strong> Bu yaz\u0131, G\u00dc Mimarl\u0131k B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi Do\u00e7. Dr. Esin Boyac\u0131o\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan sunulan, ERASMUS\/IP<\/strong> \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde desteklenen WS-RADS 2011<\/strong> K\u0131\u015f Okulu kapsam\u0131nda (24 Ocak-4 \u015eubat 2011) Mimarl\u0131k B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyeleri Do\u00e7. Dr. Zeynep Uluda\u011f, Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. Hakan Sa\u011flam ve Ara\u015f. G\u00f6r. G\u00fcl\u015fah G\u00fcle\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen tasar\u0131m st\u00fcdyosunun \u201curban parasite<\/em>\u201d temal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan hareketle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalara konuk mimar olarak John Lewis, \u00f6\u011frenci olarak Tanya Anthony, Toon Rooijmans, Christian Hofer, David Weclawowicz, Hatice Tem\u00fcr, G\u00fcl\u015fen Gedik, Berkcan C\u0131b\u0131r, Cansu Buyruk, Duygu Oral ve Antonio Mira kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2.<\/strong> Alison, Brayer, Migayrou, Spiller, 2006; Hays, 2010; G\u00fcle\u00e7, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3.<\/strong> Koolhaas, Kwinter, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4.<\/strong> Holl, 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5.<\/strong> Zumthor, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6.<\/strong> Ge\u00e7irgenlik, Walter Benjamin\u2019in anlat\u0131mlar\u0131nda bi\u00e7imsel ve programatik bir karakteristik olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Benjamin, Napoli\u2019nin \u201ckentsel ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fini\u201d (urban porosity<\/em>) anlat\u0131rken \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u201cBina ve eylem, yeni \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyen konstelasyonlar\u0131n sahnesi haline gelmek i\u00e7in avlular, pasajlar ve merdivenlerde birbirine kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u2026 Ge\u00e7irgenlik, bu kentin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n her yerde yeniden g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr olan, t\u00fcketilemez kural\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d Bkz. Holl, 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7.<\/strong> 1970\u2019lerde ger\u00e7ek kent planlar\u0131n\u0131 birer resim gibi de\u011ferlendiren Rowe\u2019un \u201cm\u00fcze olarak kent\u201d (city as museum<\/em>) yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, bug\u00fcn yeni bir ba\u011flam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olan \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f mimarlar taraf\u0131ndan \u201ckent i\u00e7inde kent\u201d (city within a city<\/em>) olarak g\u00fcncellenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 8.<\/strong> Alison, Brayer, Migayrou, Spiller, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 9.<\/strong> St\u00fcdyo, verilen mimari program\u0131 (urban housing<\/em>) yaln\u0131zca ikamet etme eylemine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelecek \u015fekilde de\u011fil \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7icilik \u00f6zelli\u011fini esas alarak de\u011fi\u015fen ihtiya\u00e7 ve talepleri kar\u015f\u0131layacak ve s\u00fcrekli yeni bir ya\u015fam olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Tasar\u0131m s\u00fcreci boyunca kesin yerine olas\u0131 eylemler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 10.<\/strong> \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f mimarlara yeni bir y\u00f6n kazand\u0131ran ve kayna\u011f\u0131 Deleuze\u2019\u00fcn s\u00f6ylemleri olan olay kavram\u0131, ger\u00e7e\u011fin ak\u0131\u015f ya da farkl\u0131la\u015fma durumunda oldu\u011fu bir olu\u015f felsefesi ile a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bkz. Williams, 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 11.<\/strong> M\u2019closkey, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n KAYNAKLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Alison, J., M.A. Brayer, F. Migayrou ve N. Spiller 2006, Future City, Experiment and Utopia in Architecture<\/strong>, Thames&Hudson, New York, s. 7-8, 13-15, 37, 73, 89, 107, 121, 122, 175, 194, 201.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00fcle\u00e7, G. 2011, \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Mimarl\u0131kta Ba\u011flam\u0131n Yeniden Kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00dczerine Ele\u015ftirel Bak\u0131\u015f, Gazi \u00dcniversitesi FBE, yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f y\u00fcksek lisans tezi, Ankara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hays, K.M. 2010, Architecture\u2019s Desire, Reading the Late Avant-Garde<\/strong>, MIT Press, Londra, s. 5, 33, 111, 152.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Holl, S. 2009, Urbanisms, Working with Doubt<\/strong>, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, s. 22, 33-34, 37, 137.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Koolhaas, R. ve S. Kwinter, 1996, Rem Koolhaas: Conversations with Students<\/strong>, Rice University School of Architecture, Princeton Architectural Press, ikinci bask\u0131, New York, s. 68.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u2019closkey, K. 2008, \u201cWithout End: Mats, Holes and the Promise of Landscape Urbanism\u201d, Writing Urbanism, A Design Reader<\/strong>, Douglas Kelbaugh, Kit Krankel McCullough, Routledge, New York, s. 121.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Williams, J. 2000, \u201cDeleuze\u2019s Ontology and Creativity: Becoming in Architecture\u201d, Pli 9<\/strong>, University of Warwick, The Warwick Journal of Philosophy, s. 202-213.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zumthor, P. 2006, Thinking Architecture<\/strong>, Birkhauser, Basel, s. 41.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Hakan Sa\u011flam, Zeynep Uluda\u011f, G\u00fcl\u015fah G\u00fcle\u00e7 http:\/\/www.mimarlikdergisi.com\/index.cfm?sayfa=mimarlik&DergiSayi=379&RecID=2955 Ankara-K\u0131z\u0131lay \u00fczerine alternatif bir gelecek sunmak \u00fczere, Gazi \u00dcniversitesi, Mimarl\u0131k B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz d\u00f6nem ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen uluslararas\u0131 k\u0131\u015f okulunda \u201cKentsel Parazit\u201d temal\u0131 bir st\u00fcdyo d\u00fczenlendi. St\u00fcdyo, K\u0131z\u0131lay \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde yeni bir ba\u011flam\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcn kavramlar, tasar\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve y\u00f6ntemleri \u00fczerinden sorgulayarak, bug\u00fcn h\u0131zl\u0131 tempolu ticari bir alan olan K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131n gelece\u011fi \u00fczerine … Continue reading \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Kentte \u201cYeni\u201d Bir Ba\u011flam Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: K\u0131z\u0131lay \u00dczerine Alternatif Bir Gelecek Sunmak(1)<\/span>